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(Model) B. G. LEWIS & s. E. MOSHER;

SHEARS.

No. 327,092. Patented Sept. 29, 1885.

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UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

RICHARD G. LEWIS AND SAMUEL E. MOSHER, OF GHILLICOTHE, OHIO;

SAID MOSHER ASSIGNOR'TO SAID LEWIS.

QHEARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 327.092, datedSeptember 29, 1885.

Application filed Februaryfil, 1884. (Model.l

To all whom it may concern:

one audits handle the lower one, and adapted Be it known that we,RICHARD G. LEWIS for two or more of the users fingers.

and SAMUEL E. MOSHER, both of Ghillicothe, Ross-county, Ohio, havejointly invented Im proveinents in Shears, of which the following is aspecification.

Our invention is directed to a construction of shears or scissors whichcombines efficieu'cy' and ease of operation with economy and cheapnessin manufacture, and,fal th ough in someof its useful characteristicsapplicable to shears in general, is more particularly designed for andis here illustrated by apair of shears having one or more separable ormovable blades.

vIn the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a pairof shears embodying our invention. Fig. 2. shows the blades detached.Fig. 3 is'a longitudinal section of the outer end of a blade and portionof the 20 jaw r holder. Fig. 4 is a transverse section of the same. Fig.5 is a section on the line 5 5, Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a similarsectionrepresenting a modification. Fig. 7 represents our guard. Fig. 8 is adiagrammatic-a1 top view of our shears, to show the lateralnon-alignment of the pivotal and cutting planes. Fig.9 is adiagraininatical side view to showthe vertical non-alignment of. saidplanes.- Fig. 10 is a diagram to show the office of our guard when theshears are used for clipping purposes.

A and B irespectivelyv represent the two jaws, articul ted to oneanother by a pivot, G, and having grooved. backs 'or holders D extending"to near the point of the shears, and which receive and firmly grip therear edges, e, of blades or icutters E, which consist of thin plates ofsteel, whose form and'that of the holding-jaws are such as to combineeificiency of action when in use with capacity for ready detachabilityfor sharpening or other purpose. The parts of the jaws about the-pivot 0are given the form of circular disks F of large diameter, in order tosecure absolute rigidity of jaw and accuracy of cut. The portions of thejaws on the sides of the pivot remote from the cutting-blades are formedinto convenienthandles, G.

Of the two jaws the jaw Ais in use customarily thelower one, and itshandleconse- 5o quently the upper one and adapted to receive the usersthumb, while the jaw B is the upper Bothhandles are curved considerablyupward, as represented, in order to be, when in use, well clear of thecutting-board.

A lateral offset, H, in the jaws betwejenthe pivot'O and thebladeihe'els', and preferably immediately in rear of the latter, andsuch as l to place the pivotal plane 00 an laterally out of '60alignment with and to the right hand of the cutting-plane y y, and thearticulating-pivot O vertically out of alignment with and above thecutting-edges, enables passage directly backward. of the separatedgoods. Such direct '6 5 passage is of great importaucein the shearing orcutting of very stiff or refractory objects, such as thick cloth, duck,serge, tar-board, tin plate. 85c.

The articulating member or pivot 0 being located considerably outot'alignment with and above both cutting edgessecures a very shearing orcarving action of the two edges upon the goods. v One or both of thepoints'or advancing ends 5 e of the'blades extend slightly beyond thebacks or holders, in order to facilitate insertion of such point in thegoods and to make easy such operations as'ripping, piuking, 850.

Each blade has the represented ap'proximately-triangular form, and eachis armed on its rear edge,.nearits point, witha spur,'J, whose obliqueedge j engages behind a pin or keeper, K,.in the jaw, and each blade hason that part of its inner face diagonally remote from the spur J a stud,L,.that engages within an orifice, l, in the supporting-jaw, which, forthat purpose and to aii'ord lateral support to the blades cutting-edge,is widened, as at a, in direction of the other jaw, in the manner 0shown. The sidesof the spur J also fitting tightly within the groove oropening d of the jaw co-operate with such widened portion a inpreventing lateral deflection of the blade. This construction makes itpossible to secure rigidity of blades without making the jawbacks sothick as to be clumsy and of incon- .venient weight and bulk.

To insure the snapping of the inner corner of the biadefirinly'againstthe jaw where its stud L engages in the orifice lot the jaw, said blademay be slightly sprung or curved toward the jaw, as shown in Fig. 5;or'secure retention of these parts to one another may be obtained bygiving such stud the form of a screw, L, whose head Zmayoccupyacounterboredorificein the blade, and whose threaded portion mayscrew into a correspondinglythreaded orifice in the jaw, as in Fig. 6.

We may associate with the above'featuresor may use independently, thefollowing devices, to wit:

Secured by pivot M'to one of the jaws is a stop, N, which may eithertake the position of inaction, shown by. dotted lines, in l which casethejaws are capable of being opened to their full extent, or may bethrown forward so thatthe head it of said stop shall occupy' thespace 1) between the hingeshoulders of the two jaws, or between ashoulder on one jaw and a lug, b, on the other jaw, so as to limit theiropening capacity when desired.

The construction of the parts is such that when the stop N is th rownback the jaws can be separated sufficiently to enable detaching orchanging of one or both blades for insertion of function is to preventtoo close cutting to the hide or scalp when used for sheep-shearing orhair-cutting. Such a guard may be applied to one blade, as here shown,or to both blades.

, A pair of shear-blades adapted for scallop-' ing is alluded to above,but not specifically de scribed, being-reserved for description andclaimin an application shortly to be filed.

We have illustrated our invention by'a 'shearsadapted for right-handuse; but the invention 'is manifestly equally applicable to a shearsadapted for'left-hand use, all the parts being of course'thenreversed-right for left" and left for right, the pivot 0 being to theleft.

We claim as new .and' of our invention 1. lhe combination of a groovedjaw having an opening, d, awidened portion, a,formed with an orifice, l,and a keeper,'K, and the blade E, formed with a spur, J, occupying theopening, and a stud, L, occupying the orifice, as set forth.

2. In shears, the pivot 0 above and to the right of the line of thecutting edges, as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In shears, the combination, with jaws having a lug or stop to limittheir opening, of

the reversible stop N, pivoted to one of the jaws, and having a head,it, to occupy the hinge-opening, as set-forth.

.4. A shear-blade formedof a thin ,plate of steel, E, for insertion'in agrooved, jaw and formed with a point, e, armed on its rear edge with aspur, J, to receive the end of a jaw, and a stud at its rear end, bywhich the blade is retained at' the inner end of the jaw, asset forth.

In testimony of which invention we hereunto set our hands. RICHARD G.LEVVIS SAMUEL E. MOSHER. 'Atte 5t:

H. W. WOODROW, WM. EDGAR Evans.

